Study Guide for Crossword Puzzle free essay sample

Guide Acids and Bases: 1. Be able to identify both the Bronsted–Lowry acid and base from a given reaction. ~An acid is a proton donor ~A base is a proton acceptor H3PO4 + H20 H3O+ +H2PO4- H3PO4 is an acid so it is a proton donor. It gives its positive atom to the other element 2. Be able to calculate the pH of a solution given [H3O+] Example: What is the pH of a solution with a [H3O+] of 1 x 10-2 M? The pH level should equal the exponent number of 2. Redox Reactions: Be able to identify what is reduced and what is oxidized in a redox reaction. Ex: What is reduced in the following reaction? 2 Bi3+ + 3 Mg 2 Bi + 3 Mg2+. The reduced element in the following is Bi (Bismuth) because that element is broken down without its charge number. Boyle’s Law: Be able to apply Boyle’s Law to solve for either pressure or volume Ex: A sample of helium gas occupies 1245 mL at 705 mmHg. We will write a custom essay sample on Study Guide for Crossword Puzzle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a gas sample at constant temperature, determine the volume of helium at 745 mmHg. P1V1=P2V2 If the pressure goes down, the volume goes up. V2=P1V1/P2 P1=705 mmHg P2=745 mmHg V1= 1245 mL V2= (705)(1245)/745 877725/745=1179 mL=V2 Charles’ Law: Be able to apply Charles’ Law to solve for either volume or temperature (remember to convert to Kelvin) Example: A gas at a temperature of 95 degrees C occupies a volume of 159 mL. Assuming constant pressure, determine the volume at 15 degree C. V1=V2 T1=T2 95Â °C+273=368K= T1 159 mL=V1 15Â °C + 273=288 T2 V2= (368)(159)/288=204 mL Ideal Gas Law: 1. Be able to calculate molar mass given density Example: For a gas at standard temperature and pressure with a density of 2. 75 g/L. determine its molar mass. Standard temperature and pressure occupies a volume of about 22. 4 L. This is known as the standard molar volume of a gas. V=cn (where c is a constant) n is number of molecules 2. Be able to calculate volume or pressure, using PV=nRT P=pressure, V=Volume, n=number of moles of gas, T=Temperature (Kelvin) R=ideal gas constant (0. 0821) for 1 mole of gas at STP, p=1 atm,V=22. 414 L, T= 273. 15K R=PV/nT

Free Essays on Gnostics

Though Rome was unbending in its demand of obeisance to the state, it tolerated a remarkably free expression of religious thought. Within its borders could be found groups adhering to ideas of Eastern Buddhism, Persian Zoroastrianism, the Egyptian Hermetic tradition, Jewish monotheism, the sun worship of Mithras, and Greek Platonic thought. Gnosticism was one of these religions. It had its own sacred scriptures and ideas but it also freely borrowed from other traditions, developing a richly endowed theology. Alexandria was the main center of learning in the empire, its library the most famous of antiquity. In this great city at the mouth of the Nile congregated groups of varied culture and creed. Yet despite the outward signs of political peace and unity there was raging within the Roman soul a moral war. The accumulation of vast riches in the upper strata of society, excessive and cruel taxation of the peasants, widespread slavery, and disrespect for human life had risen to such a height that the inner decay they spread was destroying the heart of the nation. For this reason numerous groups were seeking to counter the prevailing decadence with a return to a higher morality. Throughout the empire, in the deserts or forests of the land, small societies of spiritual seekers began to gather. Often they led ascetic lives, determined to address the dissolution they saw in mainstream culture. In cities like Alexandria were born schools of philosophy, and great moral teachers sought to instil their students with higher ideals. The Christian groups in time became one of the loudest voices against the evils of the empire. They taught simplicity and communal sharing. Decrying the lot of the poor and oppressed, they denounced slavery and the brutality of the Roman gladiatorial games which slaughtered the underprivileged by the thousands. Many of the disaffected joined their ranks. Rome had always speedily silenced such popular protest, either ... Free Essays on Gnostics Free Essays on Gnostics Though Rome was unbending in its demand of obeisance to the state, it tolerated a remarkably free expression of religious thought. Within its borders could be found groups adhering to ideas of Eastern Buddhism, Persian Zoroastrianism, the Egyptian Hermetic tradition, Jewish monotheism, the sun worship of Mithras, and Greek Platonic thought. Gnosticism was one of these religions. It had its own sacred scriptures and ideas but it also freely borrowed from other traditions, developing a richly endowed theology. Alexandria was the main center of learning in the empire, its library the most famous of antiquity. In this great city at the mouth of the Nile congregated groups of varied culture and creed. Yet despite the outward signs of political peace and unity there was raging within the Roman soul a moral war. The accumulation of vast riches in the upper strata of society, excessive and cruel taxation of the peasants, widespread slavery, and disrespect for human life had risen to such a height that the inner decay they spread was destroying the heart of the nation. For this reason numerous groups were seeking to counter the prevailing decadence with a return to a higher morality. Throughout the empire, in the deserts or forests of the land, small societies of spiritual seekers began to gather. Often they led ascetic lives, determined to address the dissolution they saw in mainstream culture. In cities like Alexandria were born schools of philosophy, and great moral teachers sought to instil their students with higher ideals. The Christian groups in time became one of the loudest voices against the evils of the empire. They taught simplicity and communal sharing. Decrying the lot of the poor and oppressed, they denounced slavery and the brutality of the Roman gladiatorial games which slaughtered the underprivileged by the thousands. Many of the disaffected joined their ranks. Rome had always speedily silenced such popular protest, either ...

Pauses in Speech and Writing

Pauses in Speech and Writing In phonetics, a pause is a break in speaking; a moment of silence. Adjective: pausal. Pauses and Phonetics In phonetic analysis, a double vertical bar (||) is used to represent a distinct pause. In direct speech (in both fiction and nonfiction), a pause is conventionally indicated in writing by ellipsis points (. . .) or a dash (- ). Pauses in Fiction Gwen raised her head and spoke haltingly, fighting back tears. He told me Tuesday there was too much damage . . . She wiped her wet face with her fingers. But he wants to send her to a specialist in Memphis. (John Grisham, A Time to Kill. Wynwood Press, 1989)Anyone who is guilty of such practices . . ., he paused for effect, leaning forward and staring at the congregation, . . . anyone in town . . ., he turned and looked behind him, at the monks and nuns in the choir, . . . or even in the priory . . . He turned back. I say, anyone guilty of such practices should be shunned.He paused for effect.And may God have mercy on their souls. (Ken Follett, World Without End. Dutton, 2007) Pauses in Drama Mick: You still got that leak.Aston: Yes.Pause.Its coming from the roof.Mick: From the roof, eh?Aston: Yes.Pause.Ill have to tar it over.Mick: Youre going to tar it over?Aston: Yes.Mick: What?Aston: The cracks.Pause.Mick: Youll be tarring over the cracks on the roof.Aston: Yes.Pause.Mick: Think thatll do it?Aston: Itll do it, for the time being.Mick: Uh.Pause.  (Harold Pinter,  The Caretaker. Grove Press, 1961) The pause is a pause because of what has just happened in the minds and guts of the characters. They spring out of the text. Theyre not formal conveniences or stresses but part of the body of the action. (Harold Pinter in Conversations With Pinter by Mel Gussow. Nick Hern Books, 1994) Pauses in Public Speaking If you prefer to read your speech, make sure to pause frequently, take a breath, look up, and scan the audience. . . .Besides allowing you to fill your lungs with air, pausing also allows the audience to absorb the spoken words and create pictures in their own minds. The habit of pausing eliminates the dreaded um and err and adds emphasis to your last point. (Peter L. Miller, Speaking Skills for Every Occasion. Pascal Press, 2003) Pauses in Conversation There are even rules about silence. It has been said that, in a conversation between two English speakers who are not close friends, a silence of longer than four seconds is not allowed (which means that people become embarrassed if nothing is said after that time- they feel obliged to say something, even if it is only a remark about the weather.) (Peter Trudgill, Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society, 4th ed. Penguin, 2000) Types and Functions of Pauses A distinction has been drawn between silent pauses and filled pauses (e.g. ah, er), and several functions of pause have been established, e.g. for breathing, to mark grammatical boundaries, and to provide time for the planning of new material. Pauses which have a structural function (juncture pauses) are distinguished from those involved in hesitation (hesitation pauses). Investigations of pausal phenomena have been particularly relevant in relation to developing a theory of speech production. In grammar, the notion of potential pause is sometimes used as a technique for establishing word units in a language- pauses being more likely at word boundaries than within words. (David Crystal, Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 6th ed. Blackwell, 2008) Systematic pausing . . . performs several functions: marking syntactic boundaries;allowing the speaker time to forward plan;providing semantic focus (a pause after an important word);marking a word or phrase rhetorically (a pause before it);indicating the speakers willingness to hand over the speech turn to an interlocutor. The first two are closely connected. For the speaker, it is efficient to construct forward planning around syntactic or phonological units (the two may not always coincide). For the listener this carries the benefit that syntactic boundaries are often marked. (John Field, Psycholinguistics: The Key Concepts. Routledge, 2004) Lengths of Pauses Pausing also gives the speaker time to plan an upcoming utterance (Goldman-Eisler, 1968; Butcher, 1981; Levelt, 1989). Ferreira (1991) showed that speech planning-based pauses are longer before more complex syntactic material, whereas what she terms timing-based pauses (after already spoken material), tend to reflect prosodic structure. There is also a relationship between pause placement, prosodic structure, and syntactic disambiguation across a range of languages (e.g., Price et al., 1991; Jun, 2003). In general, tasks that require greater cognitive load on the speaker or that require them to perfom a more complex task other than reading from a prepared script result in longer pauses . . .. For example, Grosjean and Deschamps (1975) found that pauses are more than twice as long during description tasks (1,320 ms) than during interviews (520 ms) . . .. (Janet Fletcher, The Prosody of Speech: Timing and Rhythm. The Handbook of Phonetic Sciences, 2nd ed., edited by William J. Hardcast le, John Laver, and Fiona E. Gibbon. Blackwell, 2013) The Lighter Side of Pauses: Joke-Telling [A] critical feature in the style of all stand-up comedians is a pause after the delivery of the punch line, during which the audience laughs. The comic usually signals the onset of this critical pause with marked gestures, facial expressions, and altered voice intonation. Jack Benny was known for his minimalist gestures, but they were still discernible, and worked wonderfully. A joke will fail if the comic rushes to his next joke, providing no pause for audience laughter (premature ejokulation)- this is comedys recognition of the power of the punctuation effect. When the comic continues too soon after delivery of his punch line, he not only discourages, and crowds-out, but neurologically inhibits audience laughter (laftus interruptus). In show-biz jargon, you dont want to step on your punch line. (Robert R. Provine, Laughter: A Scientific Investigation. Viking, 2000)

Managing for Competative Advantage Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing for Competative Advantage - Assignment Example The review also includes an evaluation of the performance of both the management teams through financial and non-financial parameters, and finally gauges the true competitive position of M&S in the market. . Myners and Rose assumed control of the company's leadership by replacing the team of Vandevelde and Holmes. There seem to be significant distinction in the approaches of both the management teams in restoring the M&S competitive advantage. The main focus of the previous management had been on the enhancement of clothing market share and Roger Holmes (Annual Review 2003, p3) highlighted the three major domains of their efforts as furthering amelioration in the stronger clothing categories (women formal wear), following the growth chances in low share clothing categories (men's wear) and finally revolutionising the weak categories (children wear). However despite all these efforts, the previous management ended up in losing its significant market share in the clothing market, in particular womenswear which used to the core area of the company's business and profits (Annual Review 2003, p6). The entire focus of the new management team, however, seemed more strictly on the price and product innovation and improvement. They approached to regain the company's lost market share and competitive position through price benchmarking and product innovation to provide more value to the customers and consequently to win in the competitive environment (Annual Review 2005, p4). Marketing The previous management utilised marketing and advertisement in the course of various product campaigns (Annual Review 2004, p8). The company's marketing tactics also underwent change under the new management, which emphasised clearly on a unified M&S brand rather than focusing on a vast range of sub-brands. It focused on strengthening and bringing together the various M&S brands and reflected its traditional relationship with core customers in its marketing and advertisement campaigns (Annual Review 2005, p5). Human Resources Human resources and people management has been the core issue concerning both the management teams. The previous management was however less focused in its strategies to develop the M&S people. Furthermore, in the process of store refurbishment and improvement, the previous team (Annual Review 2004, p5) indicated an intention to lay off about 1000 workers in order to control costs. This could have led to a decline in employee morale and performance. The new management focused on a people amelioration approach, it further took care of its human resources in a much-enhanced manner through proper and evident training, rewarding, developing and listening strategies (Annual Review 2006, p17) to improve employee performance and motivation levels. . Operations The former management team posed great emphasis on opening new stores and carrying out renovation in the older ones making them look more contemporary and convenient so as to win more customers in the competitive marketplace (Annual Review 2004, p16). Furthermore, it also identified the need for ameliorating the supply chain management and sourcing of products to win a competitive edge in the market (Annual Review 2004, p9). The new management team came with a sharpened approach to revolutionising store

Personal Biography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal Biography - Essay Example When other girls of my age found their happiness in malls and shopping, I doodled, painted and played games with my brothers to get mine. Even though no one ever believed in me, I wanted to get into my dream school, pursue designing and aimed to become an amazing and inspirational designer someday. I never got any computer training during my school time in Jakarta but I was aware how relevant computers were today in the world of fashion and hence I self-taught myself to understand and use applications such as Photoshop from different forums and mediums such as the internet. I held onto my dream of becoming a designer and inspired myself constantly. After completing my high school, I shifted to Los Angeles to continue my degree in a community college because my parents were reluctant to let me take up art. However, my dream never left me and I was sure someday they would realize that art was the only thing that I wanted to do. Soon enough they understood the fact that designing was my sole passion and therefore allowed me to follow my dream of going to FIDM and taking up design. That was the happiest day of my life when finally my dreams were given wings and there are no words to thank my parents who gave me the much needed support. Every day that I spend at FIDM energizes me to reach my goal of becoming successful and inspiring others to become creative and finally making my parents proud without whom it would have been impossible to be the person that I am

Personnel Management and Organizational Behavior Essay Example for Free

Personnel Management and Organizational Behavior Essay Four ways to shape employee behavior are: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Positive reinforcement is following a reaction with something enjoyable (Robbins Judge, 2007). Employees need recognition for exceeding the organization’s standard on job performance. A well-organized reward program will motivate employees to excel the organization’s standard. Example of this are: employee of the month, quarter or year, and recognitions to employees for presenting ideas to improve the organization’s operation. Negative reinforcement is also referred as â€Å"looking busy†. Supervisors should explain the task to the employee, provide necessary resources, and ensure the work is performed to standard. These actions will help eliminate negative reinforcement. Punishment and knowing the organization’s standard are directly related. The organization’s standard, duties and responsibilities of the employees have to be established in order to hold employees accountable for their incorrect behavior. Punishment can be used as the way to unsure employees follows the standard. The different type of punishments have to be included in the workplace policy to ensure the employee knows what could happen if he/she does not follow the standard. Extinction is a behavior not reinforced, causing it to disappear (Robbins Judge, 2007). Adequate supervision and communication in the workplace are two key elements to assess this behavior and eliminate when is not needed. Managers have to develop ways to shape employee’s behavior in order to improve performance. Shaping the employee’s behavior starts with adopting practice that encourage employees to be responsible, loyal, and committed to an organization’s goal (â€Å"Strategic Planning in the Payroll Department†, 2007). Some of these practices include setting standards, establishing duties and responsibilities, and direct supervision. Discuss the three components of an attitude. The main components of an attitude are: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. Cognitive component is a consciously held opinion or belief (Colborn, 2007, p. 68), such as â€Å"sexual harassment is wrong†. Managers should enforce values, high standard, group and cultural behavior awareness to improve the working environment. The affective component is the emotional tone or feeling of an attitude (Colborn, 2007): â€Å"I don’t like Charles, because he harasses his female employees†. Leaders should maintain open communication with their employees to let them express their feelings and emotions. Behavioral component is the intent to behave in a certain way toward something or someone (Robbins Judge, 2007), such as â€Å"I’m going to avoid Charles because of his improper conduct†. This action could cause problems in the work group and if not handle properly it will set a bad example to the employees. In conclusion leaders should understand the components of an attitude in order to establish means to avoid these in the working environment. Enforcing values, high standards, open communication and continues supervising are key to success. How is bounded rationality related to decision making? Bounded rationality is defined as making decisions by constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity (Robbins Judge, 2007, p. 161). This concept used a method where a satisfactory solution is obtained in stade of the optimal solution. This approach is driven by previous experiences, limited information and selecting the first solution that satisfies the constraints. Decision-making process is a detail process to obtain the best solution. During this process all alternatives and courses of action are considered and evaluated completely. This approach consumes time and resources because every alternative has to be evaluated in order to obtain the best solution. In my opinion the decision-making process should be exercise as much as possible in order to obtain the optimum solution to a problem. Leaders should be aware of both approaches and select one based on time, safety concerns, priority of the task, and resources available. What is a quality circle? Quality circle is a work of employees and supervisors, who meet regularly to discuss their quality problems, investigate causes, recommend solutions, and take corrective actions (Robbins Judge, 2007, p. 237). A successful quality circle should include the following: a comptroller, individual assignment, tentative times, progress report, implementation and performance monitoring. The comptroller will be in charge of conducting the meetings, keeping record of the problems, progress and implementation. Problems should be brainstorm by the group and assigned to the best qualify employee. Each problem should have a tentative time to obtain a solution. During each meeting a progress report is required in order to ensure timely solution of the problem. Implementing the solution and monitoring its performance will ensure employee’s satisfaction and develop credibility to the quality circle. The end statement of the quality circle is to fix problems in the organization.

The Parliament :: essays research papers

The Parliament was an elected organization set up by the king to manage the country to save the King the effort. Although officially ruled by the King, Parliament was increasing it’s power so rapidly that by the 1600s it could no longer be relied on to do what the King wanted. King Charles 1st came into conflict with his Parliament in 1629 when he ordered Parliament to raise taxes and it refused. His response was to abolish Parliament and he ruled Parliament on his own for 11 years. However, the people didn’t support him and he ran short of money so he had to reinstate Parliament in 1640. However, conflict broke out again in 1642 when Charles tried to have 5 members of Parliament arrested who had been actively disagreeing with his policies. The MPs fled into the back of the streets of London but when the King went after them, the citizens expelled him angrily from their city. This was a direct violation by the people of the supreme power of the King and marked the beginning of the English Civil War. Those English who supported the King (the Cavaliers) had support in north England and Wales and the parliamentarians (Roundheads) had support in the rest of England. Despite the fairly even start, however, the Cavaliers were fought back and in 1646 the Roundheads forced the King to surrender. However, at the cease fire negotiations Charles would not agree to the Roundhead terms and after a stalemate the war erupted again in 1648. Once again the Cavaliers were defeated but this time he Roundheads did not accept a surrender and instead captured the and executed Charles in 1649. England now had no King. For the next 11 years was a Republic. It was ruled from 1633 to 1658 by a general named Oliver Cromwell, who was a fundamental Protestant but an extremely cruel man. He was given the title ‘Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England’, but he had been active in Ireland long before he undertook that role. In 1641, just before the Civil War, the Irish of Ulster had begun an uprising and attacked the planters who had settled 30 years before. Between 10,000 and 15,000 Protestant planters were murdered by the Irish at places such as Portadown. Due to the war, the English did nothing about this and the death-toll became heavily exaggerated over time. In 1649, after the Civil War had ended, Cromwell landed at Dublin with 12,000 men with the intention of punishing those who had uprisen. He first attacked Drogheda and captured it, slaughtering over 3000 people. He then marched on Wexford town and massacred several hundred people there.

Is It so Safe to Use Nuclear Energy? Essay

The fragile environment of our planet is now under threat. Carbon fuels such as coal and oil are running out and their emissions are destroying the ecosystem. To prevent the harmful effect on the environment, Dr Symonds discussed his view that nuclear power is the best affordable way to protect the nature of the Earth. Although the facts introduced at the conference were quite persuasive, there are some points to argue. There was a statement in which Dr Symonds proposed that nuclear energy is safe and environmentally friendly. It preserves fossil fuels and doesn’t produce greenhouse gases. As a result, we will have a chance to save the natural recourses of out planet and to prevent the destruction of the ozone layer. One more idea introduced at the conference was that nuclear energy is affordable for the policy of every country. Many nuclear power plants are already functioning and they are able to produce much more energy. This will shorten the sums of money spent annually on the environmental protection. To a certain limited extent the views of Dr Symonds can be true, but I would argue that the nuclear energy is as safe as he pleads. The radioactive waste and accidents on the plants are the major disadvantages of using it. The accident on one plant can cause a very serious harm and the consequences can be unpredictable. Moreover, the radioactive waste causes even more negative effect that the use of carbon fuels. To sum up, I would say that nuclear energy is not as safe and practical as Dr Symonds suggests. Some of its drawbacks can be even more harmful to the ecosystem of our planet than the usage of carbon fuels. In my opinion, other form of safe and affordable energy should be pursued.

Life And Work Of Louis Kahn Architecture Essay

Louis Kahn was one of the most celebrated personalities of the twentieth century Architecture. The impact that he made with some of his plant was so singular that he was justly compared with Corbusier and Mies Van Der Rohe. Louis Kahn ‘s work made immense impact specifically on the younger coevals who were more willing to seek out the non-traditional manner of planing edifices. Louis Kahn genuinely believed that all designers should boom for alone excellence which would assist them do an ever-lasting impact on the society, as seen by the plants of Greeks and Eygpt. Keeping this end in head, Louis Kahn devoted his full calling in seeking flawlessness and pursing excellence. Louis Kahn ‘s best plants are located in India, US and Bangladesh and by the way they were produced in last two decennaries of his calling. His works represent precise integrating and assembly of construction, a soundless esteem for stuffs and visible radiations, a dedication to classical geometry, and a great trade of concern for human values. Louis Kahn was considered a puzzling mind or more like a philosopher who wanted to convey out alteration in the field of Architecture. Background Born in 1901 in Estonia, Russia, Louis Isadore Kahn is considered to be one of the most influential designers of the 2nd half of the 20th century throughout the universe. Louis Kahn migrated to the U.S. along with his household in his early old ages ( in 1905 ) . After finishing his graduation from the University of Pennsylvania in 1924, Louis Kahn started his calling as a draftsman and subsequently worked as caput interior decorator in several other houses in Philadelphia. He besides worked in the offices of Philadelphia ‘s prima designers, Paul Cret ( 1929-1930 ) and Zantzinger, Borie and Medary ( 1930-1932 ) . In the latter half of 1930 ‘s Louis Kahn served as a private adviser to the Philadelphia and The United States Housing Authority. His cognition in modern architecture expanded when Kahn worked with European emigrants Alfred Kastner and Oskar Stonorov. In the early 1940s Louis Isadore Kahn associated with Stonorov and George Howe, with whom Louis Isadore Kahn desi gned several wartime lodging undertakings. Kahn was non merely an American designer, but was besides an pedagogue and philosopher. Until 1947, Kahn had worked with a series of spouses, after which, Kahn set up his independent/private pattern. It was during this twelvemonth, that Kahn besides began with his influential instruction calling atA Yale University as Chief Critic in Architectural Design and Professor of Architecture ( 1947-1957 ) and so at the University of Pennsylvania as Cret Professor of Architecture ( 1957-1974 ) .Significant ELEMENTS OF DESIGNKahn wanted to redefine the bases of architecture through a re-examination of construction, signifier, infinite, and visible radiation ; since his earlier work abstained from the international manner modernism. Earlier plants of Kahn had a traditional international manner of architecture. However someplace in the center of his calling, Kahn turned his dorsum on this traditional attack and pursued invention by redefining the usage of construction, light, signifier and infinite. â€Å" Louis Kahn described his pursuit for meaningful signifier as a hunt for â€Å" beginnings, † a religious resource from which modern adult male could pull inspiration † . It is widely believed that Louis Kahn, who was so a Resident Architect at the American Academy in Rome, was highly impressed by the amazing architectural efforts of Greeks, Egyptians and the Romans and this triggered the alteration in his attack of planing the edifices. Other experts believe Kahn was besides influenced by the portion of Philadelphia where he grew up. There were many factory edifices with big Windowss. These brick constructions were really solid. This industrial design is evident in several of Kahn ‘s early plants. The impact of this European experience can been seen in Louis Kahn ‘s latter works. The work undertaken by him in last two decennaries of his life demonstrated a sincere desire to make a sense of topographic point, showcased the true side of construction, and demonstrated the successful application of Platonic geometry rules. Louis Kahn must be credited for re-introducing assorted constructs which most of the modern designers had deserted like centralised infinites, utilizing extended geometric rules and showing solid mural strength. Kahn ‘s edifices are admired for outstanding usage of geometric forms and implementing Platonic geometry rules which creates brilliant experience for the users. Louis Kahn is credited in re-defining modern architecture in more than one ways. For e.g. Kahn was known to appreciate the visual aspect and feel of different stuffs that he used in his work. Kahn is besides known to hold used brick and concrete extensively and his advanced use of these stuffs demonstrated his endowment to the universe. Kahn realised the importance of sunshine and was extremely impressed by its use in Egyptians and Greek plants. Hence Kahn ‘s plants demonstrates wide-scale execution of sunshine through different sorts of interesting Windowss and gaps. Egyptian works besides inspired Kahn to utilize extended geometric forms and hence we find many of his edifices taking form of squares, circles or trigons. Louis Kahn ‘s vision on how an designer can do difference to his design can be seen from the maestro ‘s ain words. â€Å" A edifice is like a human, an designer has the chance of making life. The manner the brass knuckss and articulations come together make each manus interesting and beautiful. In a edifice these inside informations should non be put in a mitten and hidden. Space is architectural when the grounds of how it is made is seen and comprehended. †Examples OF PROJECTS WHERE ELEMENTS OF LOUIS KAHN DESIGN WERE IMPLEMENTEDAll these elements of design doctrine can be seen in all the plants of Louis Kahn get downing from his first mature work – the add-on to the Yale University Art Gallery ( New Haven, Connecticut, 1951-1953 ) . This is considered to be Kahn ‘s first architectural chef-d'oeuvre where one can see that much prominence has been give to the structural inventions demonstrated by hollow tetrahedral concrete ceiling and floor slab system , which was a mater-piece, a antic design of puting the mechanical and electrical systems. Kahn ‘s brilliant artistic sense can be seen from the design of the triangle-shaped stairway which sits in a rounded concrete shell, specifying the servant infinite to be distinguished from the served infinites of the edifice. Richards Medical Research Building at the University of Pennsylvania ( 1957-1965 ) and the Salk Institute for Biological Studies ( LaJolla, California, 1959-1965 ) demonstrated brilliant usage of infinites and is the chiefly responsible for the beginning of the phrase ‘served and servant infinites ‘ . Kahn applied his rules to make chef-d'oeuvres, which made a great trade of sense to the use of infinite and visible radiation. His edifices, like the Yale Art Gallery extension ( 1951-53 ) or the Trenton Boathouse in New Jersey ( 1954-59 ) or even the Richards Medical Towers in Philadelphia ( 1957-62 ) , create amazing effects with the alteration in visible radiation, all possible due to the intelligent usage of infinite and visible radiation. As a consequence, the user gets an wholly different experience of working in the edifice during different times of a twenty-four hours. By building Salk Institute in La Jolla, California ( 1959-67 ) , Kahn created another chef-d'oeuvre which had inordinately animating sequence of edifices. Richards Medical Towers – This edifice demonstrates many cardinal elements of Louis Kahn ‘s architecture. All these elements have been used before by other designers but non all at the same clip. Through this construction, Kahn demonstrates the application of retainer and served infinites, overcomes the job of in sufficient lighting and more significantly integrates signifier, stuff, and procedure. As stated by Romaldo Giurgola and Jaimini Mehta, â€Å" Richards Medical Towers represents a important turning point in modern-day architecture. † Salk Institute in La Jolla – This peculiar edifice emphasizes the rule, â€Å" Keep it simple and strong † . Through this edifice, Kahn has achieved amazing usage of infinite, may it be the infinite available for Laboratories where research is conducted, or may it be the office infinite where thoughts arise. This institute shows a fantastic coaction of head and action. The edifice ‘s beautiful concrete surfaces guarantee precise particularization and brilliant experience. The construction is created in such a manner that it takes attention of the demand to envelop specific infinites and does non trust on a general envelope to cover such specific infinite. Paul Heyer, described the cardinal tribunal of the edifice in a really artistic manner. â€Å" The cardinal tribunal, as a typical Kahn-like infinite of shimmering bluish H2O, a set indicating toward the ocean typifying what human enterprise can carry through at one graduated table with geometric lucidity and im portant but modest deliberation, to give to the graduated table less expanse of the ocean, here the Pacific, a affecting gesture. † Louis Kahn was known for his ability to make heroic architectural constructions that showcased human graduated table. He preponderantly used brick and bare concrete as his edifice stuffs and he used extremely refined surfaces like travertine marble for reenforcing the textures. ( http: //www.answers.com/topic/louis-kahn ) Beyond its functional function, Louis Isadore Kahn believed architecture must besides arouse the feeling and symbolism of dateless human values. Louis I. Kahn attempted to explicate the relationship between the rational and romantic duality in his â€Å" form-design † thesis, a theory of composing articulated in 1959. In his personal doctrine, signifier is conceived as formless and immeasurable, a religious power common to all world. It transcends single ideas, feelings, and conventions. ( http: //architect.architecture.sk/louis-isadore-kahn-architect/louis-isadore-kahn-architect.php ) Built-in to Kahn ‘s impression of dateless signifier in the devising of important architectural infinites is the function of natural visible radiation. Louis Isadore Kahn described construction as the giver of visible radiation. For several undertakings located in hot cheery climes, such as the U.S. Consulate in Luanda, Angola ( 1959-1962 ) . the meeting houses of the Salk institute, the Indian Institute of Management ( Ahmadabad, India, 1962-1974 ) , and the National Capital at Dhaka, Louis Isadore Kahn developed visually dynamic sunblocks. Great walls with diversely shaped gaps shield interior suites from the rough visible radiation. The evocation of a wall in ruins suggests an ancient portion Louis Isadore Kahn ‘s handling of visible radiation is a cardinal subject in two unfulfilled temple undertakings, Mikveh Israel ( Philadelphia Pennsylvania, 1961-1972 ) and Hurva ( Jerusalem Israel, 1967-1974 ) every bit good as in one of his greatest works the Kimbell Art Museum ( Fort Worth, Texas. 1966-1972 ) . In the art museum, light enters through narrow slits in the concrete cycloid vaults and is diffused through the gallery insides, which are rich with travertine and oak. Kimbell Art Museum – This Louis Kahn ‘s chef-d'oeuvre in Fort Worth is a beautiful presentation of outmost flawlessness which can be compared merely to the plants done by the Greeks. Kahn used all the tools and available resources with such perfection, that it produced a edifice which had all the constituents working in a sychronized manner and the system as a whole worked absolutely. It is hard to happen any edifice that does non use the stuffs decently and this one is no exclusion.INSPIRATION FOR OTHER ARCHITECTSLouis Kahn ‘s doctrine and extraordinary work has had influence on quite a figure of modern-day designers. Tadao Ando, in his early mid-twentiess, took intiative and travelled throughout Japan, Europe, Africa and the United States for his architectural surveies. He ne'er took any formal preparation in the field of architecture. He would analyze architecture by detecting the existent edifices and reading books of celebrated designers such as Le Corbusier, Mies Van der Roher, Louis Kahn, etc. After he had gathered plenty cognition through his journey across different states, he started his ain pattern. When asked about specifying his manner of architecture, Tadao had one time said that, â€Å" To me, walls are the most basic elements of architecture, and in all my plants, visible radiation is an of import factor † . The Benetton Communications Research Center ( Italy ) and the Naoshima modern-day art museum, ( Japan ) showed that Tadoa Ando was genuinely divine and has learned a batch from the plants of Louis Kahn. Renzo Piano ( born in 1937 ) completed his graduation in architecture in 1964 after which he worked in his household concern. From 1965-1970, Renzo Piano worked in the offices of Louis Kahn ( Philadelphia ) and ZS. Makowski ( London ) . Along with Renzo Piano, another celebrated designer who was greatly influenced by Louis Kahn was Richard Rogers. Renzo Piano met Richard Rogers at the Expo'70 in Osaka and both instantly realized that they had common involvements. One of the most celebrated undertakings of Renzo Piano & A ; Richard Roger is that of Georges Pompidou Centre in Paris. The edifice was designed in such a manner, as if it were turned ‘inside-out ‘ , with the services seeable on the outsides of the edifice doing the interior of the edifice ‘light and airy ‘ . Therefore, this edifice can be said to be made on the similar BASIC construct which Kahn had applied old ages earlier in the Arts Centre where because of his theory of ‘served ‘ and à ¢â‚¬Ëœservant ‘ infinites, immense services canals rose up through the edifice. Hence, it can be safely concluded that Renzo Piano and Richard Roger were both influenced by Louis Kahn. Architect Norman Foster is another celebrated personality influenced by Louis Kahn. Foster happened to analyze Masterss in architecture in America at a clip when Louis Kahn was planing the extension at the Yale University. Geting influenced by Kahn ‘s designs and doctrine, the two designers have besides ended up planing the universe ‘s most exciting edifices. For illustration, Norman Foster ‘s ‘Hongkong and Shanghai Bank ‘ undertaking demonstrates Louis Kahn ‘s influence on Norman Foster. Another designer inspired by Kahn is James Stirling. Stirling was known for his ‘experimental attack ‘ , which meant that he was non committed to one peculiar manner. Besides, this attack meant that Stirling was ready to seek out new thoughts and that decidedly reflected Louis Kahn ‘s quality of planing. Stirling ‘s earlier undertakings for Oxbridge stressed more importance to the construct than to the artistic and useful demands. Due to this experimental attack and stiff attachment to concept, Stirling was frequently criticized for non following architectural rules.

Felicia Scott, Carethia Cury, and Fetal Abduction

Felicia Scott, Carethia Cury, and Fetal Abduction Carethia Curry, 17 and pregnant, had no reason to suspect that her new friend, who was also pregnant, had devised a cold-blooded plan to kill her and steal her unborn child from her womb. Felicia Scott and Frederic Polion In 1995, Felicia Scott of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, was 29, the mother of two boys and living with her new boyfriend Frederic Polion. Scott was insecure in the relationship  and convinced that the only way to keep Polion happy was by the two of them having a baby together. In the fall of 1995, she announced to Polion, friends, and family that she was pregnant, but there was a problem that only a few in her family knew about. Scott could not get pregnant because, in 1994, she underwent a hysterectomy. An Instant Bond Around the same time that Scott announced her pregnancy, she befriended 17-year-old Carethia Curry who was also pregnant. A trust grew between the two women who spent a lot of time together shopping in childrens departments in stores, and sharing expectant mother stories as their due dates grew closer. On January 31, 1996, Curry, her mother Carolyn ONeal, and Scott spent the day together. After shopping, Currys  mother returned home and Curry, then nine months pregnant, accepted Scotts invitation to go eat pizza and then visit for a while at Scotts home. The Murder As planned, Scott and Curry went for pizza and then to Scotts apartment, but once inside, instead of enjoying a casual conversation, Scott pulled out a gun and shot her pregnant friend twice in the head. The bullets lodged in Currys head did not kill her instantly, but that did not stop Scott from taking a knife and cutting Curry down the entire length of her torso. Once she was cut open, Scott removed the fetus, then pushed the dying mothers body into a garbage can and taped it shut. Frederic Polion  Lends a Hand When Polion returned to the apartment Scott told him she had just given birth there and had put all the blood-soiled linens in the trash can. She asked him to get rid of it. He claims that he did as asked, going out of his way to a deep ravine right out of town to dispose of it. According to Polion, he never looked or questioned the weight of what was in the garbage can, but merely pushed it into the ravine. In the meantime,  Scott took the infant to a hospital in Birmingham and managed to get papers declaring that she was the mother. The Search for Carethia Carolyn ONeal began to worry when Curry failed to return home. At around 2 a.m. she called Scotts home and Polion answered the phone. She asked him where Curry was and he said that he did not know. At around 5 a.m., Scott called ONeal and told her that she had dropped Curry off at home at around 8:30 p.m, after having pizza. Suspecting that something was amiss, ONeal asked Scott directly, what had she done with her daughter. Scott avoided answering and instead began explaining that she had been in Birmingham having her baby and that she was sent home because she did not have insurance. ONeal did not believe her and she contacted the police to report that her daughter had been kidnapped by Scott and Polion. When ONeal learned that Scott had actually come home with the baby, she called the police and told them that she believed that Scott had her daughters baby. The next day the police questioned Scott about the whereabouts of Curry. Then they questioned her about her infant, and she quickly produced the paperwork that listed her name as the mother. For the time being, Scott was safe. More Lies In early February, Scott went to visit her father and made up another story about how she had ended up with the baby. She said the police had stopped a car that she and a friend were riding in and that she fainted. When she awoke, the friend and police were gone, but next to her on the seat was a baby. Her father did not believe the story and was about to ask her to leave when the police arrived and arrested Scott. Carethia  Curry is Found On March 14, 1996, Currys body was found at the bottom of the ravine. Evidence, including blood in Polions truck, convinced prosecutors that the murder was not something Scott accomplished alone. Scott and Polion were charged with kidnapping and murder. The Trials Polion stood by his original statement that he knew nothing of the murder. He was found guilty of kidnapping and was acquitted on the murder charges and sentenced to 20 years in prison. Scott blamed Polion for the murder, saying she only went along with it because she feared for her own life. She was found guilty of all charges and given a life sentence without the possibility of parole. Autopsy Report It was determined through an autopsy that Carethia  Curry lived approximately 12 hours after being shot, sliced opened, and her baby torn from her body. The Baby Carethias  baby girl miraculously survived the ordeal and was eventually returned to her natural father.

What Does it Cost to Attend Saint Josephs University?

For the majority of families with college bound students, college costs are a significant concern. CNN reported in 2016 that the average American family was paying more than $100,000 for a four-year degree from a private university. Hence, it’s no surprise that over 85% of college students now receive financial aid. What is a surprise for many families, though, is how difficult it can be to predict college expenses. In this series, we at dive deep into the costs of attending college at hundreds of schools across the country to help you more accurately predict how much you’re likely to pay. To learn more about how much your family might pay for a degree from Saint Joseph’s University, don’t miss this post. College costs vary quite a bit as many different factors affect them. The amount that your family ultimately pays out of pocket for a college degree depends on how much scholarship money and merit aid your students receives, how much financial aid your family is eligible for, and how much the particular college costs to begin with. It is a complicated equation with many pieces that don’t fall firmly into place until late in the college selection process. It can be helpful, though, to learn about the specific factors that impact cost in an effort to better predict your own expenses. One of the biggest factors in determining college costs is the list price at the college your student ultimately attends. List price, also sometimes referred to as the sticker price, is the total cost of attending that college without any financial assistance. It generally includes tuition, room and board, and all necessary fees. Sometimes certain costs are excluded, like room and board at commuter schools, so make sure to confirm what the list price covers when you are comparing list prices from one school to another. The good news is that most families do not end up paying the entire list price. Instead, they pay a net cost that depends on how much financial assistance they receive in the form of institutional aid, merit aid, or federal, state, and local aid. A student’s financial aid package will often consist of a combination of several or all of these types of aid. The types and amount of assistance granted vary from one family and one student to the next making them difficult to predict in advance, but understanding more about them can help your family prepare for this big investment. During the 2016-2017 school year, the list price at St. Joseph’s was $59,574. Because St. Joseph’s is a private school, it does not offer discounts for state residents and the list price remains the same regardless of where you reside. Still, not many students pay the full list price. Those who should expect to do so are generally students with a family income of $175k or more. In 2016, students who received financial aid only had an average net cost of $53,050. Those without financial need who were awarded merit aid had an average net cost of $46,947. Again, these numbers are the same regardless of state of residence. The amount that a family receives in financial aid is highly dependent on how much that family earns. This means that breaking down net cost by family income level can provide important additional insight. At St. Joseph’s, those costs breakdown as follows. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. St. Joseph’s commonly awards merit aid to its students. In 2017, 82% of students without financial need received merit awards. The average merit award for a student without financial need was $12,627. Saint Joseph’s ranks 270th in the pool over 1000 schools we analyzed for merit aid generosity. Loans are also common amongst St. Joseph’s students. In 2017, 79% of students held a loan to help finance his or her education. The average federal student loans per undergraduate student was $6,761. There’s no doubt that college costs represent a significant upfront expense for most families. It can be helpful to consider this a long-term investment, as a college degree generally leads to a lifelong increase in earning potential. Looking at the student outcomes for a particular college can help you gauge the potential return on this investment. At St. Joseph’s, 79% of students who begin a degree complete it within six years. The average salary ten years after graduation is $59,600. There will undoubtedly be other expenses that arise during the course of a four year degree program, and the cost of these will likely be linked to the local economy. Expenses like groceries, transportation, or even off campus housing will add up over the course of four years, so looking at the local cost of living can help you to better anticipate these costs. Saint Joseph’s University is located in Philadelphia, PA. Generally, big cities have a higher cost of living than suburban or rural locations, but Philadelphia is fairly affordable considering its size. The cost of living index in Philadelphia is 110.4 , meaning it is about 10% more expensive than the national average of all cities and towns. While transportation tends to be very expensive in Philadelphia, driving up the total cost of living, housing is surprisingly affordable given its urban setting. Students living off campus will spend about $834/month on a studio apartment or $1493/month on a three-bedroom. The job market in Philadelphia isn’t great, though. Unemployment rates run significantly above average while recent job growth and projected job growth are both slightly below average. Minimum wage in Pennsylvania is the federally mandated minimum of $7.25/hr, a rate which has held since 2009. Current legislation has been proposed to raise it to $12/hr, but nothing has passed as of May 2019. Scholarship money can be another big help when it comes to funding a college education. Many families think of scholarships as something reserved for only the most academically elite students across the country, but in reality they come in many different shapes and sizes. The most popular scholarship program is the National Merit Scholarship Program, which has over a million participants each year. High school juniors who take the PSAT are eligible for awards through this program based on their scores. Other awards are also distributed based on PSAT scores by the National Hispanic Recognition Program and awards from specific corporations or colleges. To learn more about the program, check out our post How to Qualify for the National Merit Scholarship Program . Scholarships exist on many different levels, too. Some, like the National Merit Scholarship Program, operate nationally and attract large pools of applicants. Others are regional or even local in nature, or have awards received for very specific skills, personal qualities, or backgrounds. You can check out some of the options in these posts: If you’re interested in learning more about college costs, applying for scholarships, and optimizing your student’s application, check out ’s Applications Guidance service. Here, your student will be paired with a personal admissions specialist from a top college who can provide step-by-step guidance through the entire application process, including the funding options available to your family.

Environmental engineering report- flocculation Assignment

Environmental engineering report- flocculation - Assignment Example Proper designing, construction, and minimizing mechanisms are essential for protecting the environment and thus, the process of flocculation is regarded as a significant environment engineering techniques that helps to provide purified water. Thus, the report postulates that the flocculation technology is one of the superior environmental engineering processes to reduce the perilous and harmful substances that are generally present in the water, but the chance of errors remain in the process due to utilization ineffective chemicals. Environmental engineering is the application of science and engineering technology in order to respond to the challenges imposed to the environment. Besides, with the growing population, the extensive land-uses, modernization of technology, increasing operational activities and other factors has led to a significant threat to the environment. However, through this growing concern various environmental engineers are engaged in the activities to develop and provide most noteworthy and technical solutions in order to effectively deal and resolve the environmental problem and issues through the optimum utilization of necessary resources. The main object of the environmental engineering is to improve the condition of the natural environment through providing healthy air, water and land supporting the human habitation as well as a prospering ecosystem. In this regards the flocculation is an indigenous engineering mechanism to treat the wastewater. This mechanism is used to neutralize as w ell as aggregate the various ‘colloidal particles’ that are present in the water. Moreover, this mechanism is utilized to reduce the hazardous substances, color, phosphorous, organic substances, and metal traces including iron, chromium and manganese present in the water. Moreover, due the significant characteristics of colloidal suspension present in the water, it is difficult to separate through the conventional